How do I know if I have fibroids?

Fibroids are described as abnormal growths found in the uterus that may cause severe abdominal pain and heavy periods. Fibroids may also cause no signs or symptoms and are usually benign or noncancerous. Up to 80% of people with a uterus have fibroids by the age of 50; however, most people do not have symptoms and are unaware of their condition.

What causes fibroids?

While there is no concrete cause of fibroids, there are factors that may influence their formation. The factors are as follows:

• Hormones: estrogen and progesterone are the hormones produced by the ovaries that cause the uterine lining to regenerate during your menstrual cycle. These hormones may stimulate the growth of fibroids.

• Family history: fibroids can be genetic and may run in your family if there is a history of the condition.

• Pregnancy: there is an increase in production of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy and thus fibroids may develop and grow rapidly.

Who is at risk?

The risk factors for fibroids include pregnancy, a family history of fibroids, being age 30 or older, being African-American, and/or having a high body weight.

What are the symptoms?

• Heavy bleeding between or during your periods (including blood clots)

• Pelvis or lower back pain

• Increased menstrual cramping

• Pain during intercourse

• Longer menstruation than is considered usual

• Pressure or fullness in the lower abdomen

• Swelling or enlargement of the abdomen

What is the treatment?

Treatment varies from person to person. Once diagnosed, your doctor will develop a treatment plan based on your age, the size of the fibroids, and your overall health.

References:

Macon, Brindles Lee. “Fibroids: Types, Causes, and Symptoms.” Healthline, Healthline Media, 17 July 2020, www.healthline.com/health/uterine-fibroids.